Spraying, blending, and impregnating method



April 24, 1945. H- H scHMlDT 2,374,462

sPRAYING, BLENDING, AND IMPREGNATING METHOD Filed April e, 1942 HERMANNH. SCHMIDT 05am/51A ATTORN EY Patented Apr. 24, 1945 SPRAYING, BLENDING, AND

METHOD Hermann H. Schmidt, Hanover,

to The Universal Royalty and IMPREGNATING Kans., assignor DevelopingCompany, St. Joseph, Mo.. a corporation of Missouri Application April 6,1942, Serial No. 437,867

18 Claims.

My invention relates to a method of spraying a liquid or other similarmobile material on other materials, or impregnating such other materialstherewith, and to blending a plurality of mobile materials and sprayingthe same on other materials, or impregnating such other materialstherewith. This application is a continuation in part of my applicationSerial No. 196,524, filed March 17, 1938, on Method of mechanicallychanging characteristics of liquids.

It is a purpose of my invention to provide a new and improved method ofspraying liquids, particularly viscous liquids, or other mobile, or uid,materials, such as powdered materials, and mixtures of powdered andliquid materials.

My invention further relates to a method of Y blending a plurality ofmaterials, such as a plurality of liquids, of which at least one thereofmay be of a somewhat viscous character, or liquids and powders, or aplurality of powdered materials, and spraying the resulting blendedmaterial. l

It is one of the important purposes of my invention to provide a methodof impregnating a surface, such as the surface of a road that is to beoiled, with oil, or similar viscous material, which can be accomplishedeither by heating the oil before spraying the same, or without suchheating, and which will force the oil into the absorbent road surfaceunder suflicient pressure that it will not stand on the surface of theroad in pools. Tarry materials can be similarly applied to surfaces bymy improved method.

It is the purpose of my invention to provide a method, or methods, ofthe above referred to character, in which the material that is to besprayed is divided into a plurality of portions, is rotated at highvelocity in a chamber in such a manner that each of the portions isformed into a centrifugal whirl, said portions being directed crosswiseof the direction the materials in the whirls normally would take due tothe action of centrifugal force, so as to provide streams of thematerial so centrifugally whirled that engage each other, so as tofinely divide the material that is to be sprayed, and if a plurality ofdifferent materials are being whirled to make a blend thereof, to thusprovide a mist-like or vaporous material, due to the violent engagementof the inter-engaging streams of the liquid, or similar material, thatis so directed under the centrifugal force, which is discharged from thewhirl substantially at the periphery thereof under centrifugal forcesuflicient to force the same in finely divided condition into the poresof a surface upon which the material is sprayed to impregnate the samewith the sprayed material, said centrifugal force resulting fromcontinuing to rotatively impel said material during and after engagementof said streams.

Blends of such materials as sawdust and oil, or similar materials, or ofother solid somewhat absorbent and liquid materials, can also beprovided in this manner, by whirling separate portions of said materialscentrifugally and interengaging the same by streams directedtransversely of the direction that the material would normally takeunder the influence of centrifugal force, to thus provide a very uniformblend or impregnation of the liquid material and the solid material,This is particularly desirable in making sweeping compounds, or similarmaterials.

While several applications of the method have been referred to wherebydesirable products can be made in a more ecient and uniform manner by myimproved method, or surfaces can be impregnated more uniformly andthoroughly without having excess impregnating material on the surfacethereof, my method is capable of adaptation to many materials in theblending thereof and to many objects in impregnating the .same with aliquid, or other fluid, vor mobile, material.

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear as thedescription of the accompanying drawing proceeds. I desire to have itunderstood, however, that I do not intend to limit myself to theparticular details shown or described; except as defined in the claims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in vertical section and partly in elevation ofone form of my apparatus that may be used for carrying out my method ofblending and spraying materials, portions thereof being broken away.

Fig. 2 is a view taken substantially on the: line 2 2 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of one form of apparatus thatmay be used for carrying out my method of impregnating a surface with amaterial or blend of materials.

Referring in detail to the drawing, in Figs. 1 and 2 is shown anapparatus which is adapted for blending materials and spraying thematerials onto other materials, or objects, that are conveyed into andthrough the spraying zone of the apparatus. While conveying means isshown, as will be described below, obviously the conveying means can beomitted if it is only desired to blend the materials and discharge thesame onto any desired surface. The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2comprises a casing, preferably, made up of a pair of casing portions II,

which are provided with flanges I2, through which the securing elementsI extend to secure the halves of the casing together in fluid tightrelationship. Each casing portion II is provided with an inlet passageI3 to which the inlet conduits I4 yare connected, said inlet conduitsbeing branches of a pipingsystem extending from a T I5, the conduits I4being connected with the inlet connections I3 by any suitable connectingmeans, such as the unions I6, the T being connected` with an inletconduit I1 leading from any suitable source of supply for the liquid orother material that is to be acted on by the apparatus. The shaft IB isdriven in any desired manner, by any desired driving means, and ismounted in suitable bearings I9 and 20, which are provided on the casingportions. A suitable packing nut 2| is provided on the bearing member I9and suitable packing means can, of course, be provided, if necessary,between the packing nut and the threaded bearing member. The bearingportion 20 has a threaded cap member 22 connected therewith and apacking 23 between said cap member and said bearing to provide a fiuidtight joint. The lower part of the casing is cut away as shown at 24 toprovide a discharge opening of large capacity at the bottom of the same,the cut away portion being shown as being inclined, as will be clearfrom Fig. 2, said cut away portion providing for free access of air intothe casing, said casing being thus freely open to the atmosphere.

Mounted within the casing and keyed to the shaft I 8 is an impellermember, or rotor, which, preferably, rotates in the direction indicatedby the arrows in Fig. 2, and which comprises a disklike central webportion 25 extending from the hub portion 2B, which is keyed to theshaft outwardly toward the inner periphery of the casing II, but spacedtherefrom a slight distance, as will be evident from Fig. 2. It will benoted that the casing portions II are curved inwardly toward each other,so as to form a gradually narrowing chamber from the axis of rotation ofthe shaft I8 outwardly to the annular peripheral edge thereof at theflanges I2, thus having concavely curved annular walls. The impellermember is provided with vanes, or fangs, preferably, made in the form ofribs 21, said ribs or vanes being tallest adjacent the hub portion 26and having a gradually tapering form, the side edges thereof beingcurved to conform to the curvature of the inner faces of the portions IIof the casing and extending closely adjacent the inner faces of thecasing, so as to just clear the same when the impelleris rotating Withinthe casing.

It will be noted that the rib-like members 21 on said rotor extendoutwardly in a non-radial direction, extending at a somewhat acute angleto the radius in a backward direction from the hub to the periphery ofthe disk, the direction of rotation of the rotor being indicated by thearrows in Fig. 2, the angularity of the ribs to the radial beingslightly less than 45 degrees, although it is obvious that this can beVaried as may be found desirable. Said rib-like members extend outwardlybeyond the peripheral edge 28 of the disk-like portion, as shown at 29,so as to form breaker members or fangs extending transversely across theperiphery of the disklike member, and closely adjacent the casing. II,so as to just allow clearance between said portions 29 of said ribs and.said casing, as will be obvious from Fig. l. f

It ywill be noted that said members 2'Il are ar- Iranged in staggeredarrangement, that is, the

members 21 on opposite sides of the partition 25 are staggered relativeto each other. This provides twice as many rib-like members 29 on theperiphery of the disk-like partition 25 than if such staggeredarrangement were not provided. Furthermore the breaking, agitating andvaporizing effect of the rib-like members is greatly increased by thisarrangement, as the tendency is for the material on one side of thedisk-like member to be thrown across the periphery thereof toward theother side thereof at the periphk eral portions of the whirls providedon opposite sides of the disk-like member, thusproviding inter-engagingstreams of the liquid or other materia] that-is being whipped about bythe impeller member to further break up and more finely divide thematerial so whipped about.

The apparatus described thus provides for dividing the material that isto be acted upon thereby into two portions, entering on opposite sidesof the disk-like member where the two portions are whirled separately ata high speed to centrifugally throw the same outwardly against the wallsof the chamber and across the periphery thereof into inter-engagingstreams,-

example, the arrangement cf apparatus being somewhat diagrammatic.

If it is desired to spray, or to blend and spray, material on a surfacethat is not a movable object, such for example as the surface of aroadway, the apparatus shown in Fig. 3 may be provided, in which aportion of a vehicle is shown that has a tank, or container, 3| thereonfor the liquid, or liquids, that are to be sprayed on -the surface. Suchtanks, or containers, 3| are ordinarily provided Iwith compartments, lsothat if a mixture of liquids are to be mixed and sprayed, suitablecompartments can be filled therewith and the liquid conducted to a.manifold 32, from which the pipes I4', corresponding to the inletconduits I4, shown in Figs. l and 2, extend to the impeller casings Iimade as described in Figs. l and 2, and having rotary impeller membersthat are driven in any suitable manner by means of a common shaft I8',and discharge through the openings 24 after whipping the material aboutin the casings made up of the members II and causing inter-engagingstreams thereof to cooperate to blend and spray, or merely to finelydivide or atomize and spray the material from the casings through thedischarge openings 24 onto a surface 33 that is to be impregnated orcoated with the desired material. Any number of the casings with therotary impellers therein may be provided, and any suitable means forrotating the shaft I8 may be provided, which may be driven with thevehicle Wheels 34 or independently thereof. Also the liquid that issprayed may be -of a very thick character, such that in order for it toiiow through the conduits it must be preheated, and this can be done byeither any-Well known heating means within the tank, or con-f tainerI orprior to being put in the tank, or container.

In carrying out the methods by either form of the apparatus shown, thematerial that is to be blended, or the material that is to be sprayed,ior the material that is to be blended a confined space, or chamber, sothat the ma- Y terial, when caused to rotate at a rapid rate, or speed,is centrifugally thrown against the walls of the confining means. orchamber, so as to violently engage or bombard the same. The use of thecentrifugal force produces the bombardment of the material against thewalls of the chamber within which the rotative movement takes place. thecentrifugal action and bombardment and the resulting interengagingstreams of material cooperating to finely divide the material that isbeing whirled about in the chamber. The material can be either a liquid,a powder, or a liquid and a powder, or a plurality of liquids orpowders. If a single liquid or "a single powder, is whirled about in thechamber, or confined space, it is finely divided and substantiallyconverted into a mist-like condition, whereby the same can be readilydischarged in the form oi' a spray under centrifugal force from thechamber onto a surface, or an object, or some other material, to coat,or impregnate the same by centrifugally impelling the same during andafter the engagement of said streams. If more than oneliquid, either 'ofwhich or both can be viscous, or of a thick, sticky, or gummy character,are treated in the above referred to manner by being introduced into the`chamber simultaneously or in a mixed condition, said liquids areblended into a substantially homogeneous blend of the liquids so whirledin the chamber. In a similar manner, powdered materials and liquids, ora plurality of powders, can be blended into a homogeneous, orsubstantially homogeneous, form in this manner.

In any case, a mist-like vaipor, or fog is formed thereof, which isdischarged while under the centrifugal force created by continuing torotatively impel the same until discharged from the chamber, eitheronto. a material that is to be coated or impregnated therewith, or ontosome surface where the material can be collected.

In the form of apparatus shown in Figs.' l and 2 of the drawing thematerial, or materials, can be discharged from the chamber onto eitherpieces of solid material of relatively large character, which are to becoated, or impregnated, therewith, or more finely divided solidmaterial, such for example, as sawdust, which can be impregnated withoils, or other similar materials, discharged onto the same undercentrifugal force to form sweeping compounds, or

similar materials. Or if desired, in the case of a sweeping compound,the sawdust, or similar material, can be introduced as finely dividedsolid material with the oil, or similar material, with which it is to beimpregnated, into the whirls in the chamber and whirled about therein tothus blend .the oil and the 'sawdust thoroughly, so that the materialwill discharge in the form of a sweeping compound from the dischargeopening of the chamber and can be carried away progressively as it isdischarged on conveying means such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In blending such materials as heavy viscous Syrups, such as molasses,honey, and similar viscous. sticky, materials, and lighter grade syrupsor other liquids with which the same are :to be blended, these can bewhirled about in the centrifugal whirls and then streams of thematerials directed substantially transversely of the direction of thecentrifugal force into inter-engagev ment with each other, resulting ina uniform or homogeneous blend of the more viscous and less viscousliquids.

Oils can be similarly blended, such as lubricating oils, which areordinarily made up of a heavy viscous ingredient and a lighter gravityingredient.

If desired. the material that is to be treated can be heated eitherbefore or after treatment. The heating is not necessary to obtain theblending of the materials nor to spray the material 4or impregnate othermaterials therewith. However, in the case of some highly viscous, stickymaterials, such as tarry materials, thick oils or thick syrupy viscousliquids, the flow thereof into the apparatus is simplified by heatingthe material, so as to increase the mobility thereof and cause the sameto flow into the whirls more readily. In materials that are gummy orfibrous, the fibre, tissue and gum contained therein are broken up dueto a shearing action between the rotating impelling means and the wallsof the chamber, thus further aiding in the fine division of the materialand causing the same to be prepared for being thrown about undercentrifugal force and streams thereof engaged with each other to morenely divide or blend the same while in finely divided condition. Thus inapplying oil or tarry materials to roadways, such materials, even thoughapplied hot in the manner which has been customary, the same will standin pools and gradually soak into the roadway. This makes it necessarytoeither abandon use of the roadway until a large part of the material hassoaked into the roadway, or to cover the same with sand or othermaterials to reduce hazards created by the material that is standing onthe roadway in pools. By my improved method this is avoided, as the oilor tarry material is so finely divided and discharged under such highvelocity while in such nely divided condtion, that there will be no co1-lection of the same in pools, but it will be applied uniformly on thesurface and will be absorbed into the absorbent surface of the roadwayat the time of application much more deeply than it would ordinarilypenetrate by a soaking process, and there will thus be no tar or similarmaterial, or oil, on the surface of the roadway while the actualimprovement of the roadway by impregnation of the oil or tar in thesurface of the roadway will be increased over what would be true if itwere merely applied by ordinary application thereof in ne streams, as isnow customary. The material, if subjected to my method of applying thesame to a roadway surface, will be continuously subjected to centrifugalwhirling action un.. til discharged under centrifugal force from theperiphery of the final whirl onto the surface that is to be impregnatedand is discharged onto such surface at a high enough velocity that itwill be absorbed into the roadway practically as rapidly as it issprayed thereon.

The rate 0f rotation of the impelling means to obtain the desiredbreaking down and fine division of the material depends upon thecharacter of the liquid or other material that is to b e treated, andthe rate at whichthe material is fed into the confined space in whichthe same is whirled. Thus a light liquid at a certain rate of rotationand rate of feed will be so finely divided and broken up as to turn itinto substantially a vapor, and will be discharged or sprayed insubstantially such vaporous form. and in that case the blending of theliquids will take place in such vaporized condition. A heavy viscousliquid at the same rate of rotation and same rate of feed will be onlyso finely divided and broken up that it will be more fluid, but will notbe reduced to a vapor, although in a somewhat atomized condition. If theheavy viscous liquid is fed into a chamber at a slower rate and the samerate of rotation is used, or if the same rate oi.' feed and a higherrate of rotation is used, the higly viscous liquid can also beordinarily vaporized. It has been found that the impelling action onliquids must be at a rate of about 2,000 revolutions a minute or more,to get the desired breaking down and ne division of the material tochange the characteristics thereof. Also the rate of feed must be suchthat there will be suflicient room in the chamber in which the materialis rotatively impelled that the same can be whipped and violently thrownabout therein and bombarded against the walls of the chamber bycentrifugal force, and so that the material will not engage in solidstreams transversely of the direction of centrifugal force, but in nelydivided, substantially vaporized form in streams. There must never be 'asolid mass of liquid in the chamber or anything approaching a solidmass. or complete illling of the chamber. This is true of any of thematerials previously mentioned. Also the chamber walls should closelyconform to the path of the impelling means, so as to obtain thedisintegration by a shearing action, above referred to. In using theterms vapon vaporous and "vaporizaton these are not used in the narrowsense of a vapor being a substance in a gaseous state, but rather in thesense of a diffused substance suspended in a gas, such as air.

By the discharge of the material under the influence of centrifugalforce that is created by the violent rotative impelling, or Whipping ofthe same during and after engagement of said streams, the liquid, orblend of materials, or nne- 1y divided powdered material, will moredeeply penetrate the material to which it is applied and will,particularly in the case oi' a liquid, be not only more finely dividedso as to make the liquid more penetrative, but due to the centrifugalforce created by the final whirling or whipping action, will bephysically forced into the surface to which it is applied..

While one form of apparatus is illustrated, the particular shape of thesurface of the rotor, or impelling member, is not important to theprocess. It is, however, important that the impelling member, whateverthe shape, conform closely to the confining walls of the chamber orspace in which the same rotates. Furthermore it is important that a verynarrow passage be provided between the impelling member and the chamber,

so as to force the material through such narrow passages under therotative action of the impeiling means to more nely divide anddisintegrate the san-ie. Furthermore it is desirable'that the chamber befreely open to the atmosphere and that the dischargeppening therefrom beunrestricted, as the air picked up and allowed to pass into the chamberappears to aid in the desired blending and spraying effect of themethod, to provide some means for rotatively impelling the materials insucha manner that inter-engaging streams thereof will engage with each.other after the material has been subjected to a rotative actioncreating centrifugal force in the whirl of the material, and,preferably, the material is further subjected to centrifugal force untilit is discharged from the confining means, to get the desired sprayingand impregnating action. What I claim is:

1. The method o1' spraying a mobile materialv comprising separatelyrotatively impelling a plurality of portions of said material in aconfined space at a rapid rate to create separate whirls thereof in saidspace, creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries ofsaid whirls. violently engaging said streams with each other, and at thesame time imparting'additional rotative impelling movement thereto tocreate a mistlike spray, and discharging said spray under the influenceof the centrifugal force resulting from the said additional rotativeimpelling movement.

2. The method of spraying a mobile material comprising dividing saidmaterial into a plurality of portions, separately introducing each' ofsaid portions into a confined space, rotatively impelling separatelyfrom one another each of said portions at a rapid rate to create a whirlthereof in said space, creating streams of said portions adjacent theperipheries of said whirls, violently engaging said streams with eachother, and at the same time imparting additional rotative impellingmovement thereto to create a mistlike spray, and discharging said sprayunder the influence of the centrifugal force resulting from the saidadditional rotative impelling movement. 3. The method of applying amobile material to a surface, comprising rotatively impelling separatelyfrom one another a plurality of portions of said material at a rapidrate to create separate whirls thereof in said space about an axissubstantially parallel to said surface, creating streams of saidportions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, violently engagingsaid streams with each other, and at the same time imparting additionalrotative vimpelling movement thereto to create a mist-like spray, anddischarging said spray under the influence of the centrifugal forceresulting from the said additional rotative impelling movement whilemoving said axis relative to said surface substantially parallel to saidsurface.

4. The method of impregnating a material with a liquid, comprisingdividing said liquid into a plurality of portions and introducing eachof said portions into a confined space, rotatively impelling separatelyfrom one another each of said portions at a rapid rate to create a whirlthereof in said space, creating streams of said portions adjacent theperipheries of said whirls, violently engaging said streams with eachothery and at the same time imparting additional rotative impellingmovement thereto to create a mist-like spray, and discharging said sprayunder the inuence of the centrifugal force resulting from the saidadditional rotative impelling movement.

portions into a confined space, rotatively impelling separately from oneanother each of `said portions at a rapid rate to create a whirl thereofin said space about an axis substantiallyparallel to said surface',creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries of Saidwhirls, violently engaging said streams with each other, and at the sametime imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto to createa mist-like spray, and discharging said spray under the influence of thecentrifugal force resulting from the said additional rotative impellingmovement while moving said axis relative to said surface substantiallyparallel to said surface.

6. 'Ihe method of applying a thick viscous liquid to a surfacecomprising dividinglsaid liquid into a plurality of portions, separatelyintroducing each of said portions into a conned space, rotativelyirnpelling separately from one another each of said portions at a rapidrate to create a whirl thereof in said space about an axis substantiallyparallel to said surface, forcing said liquid through narrow spaceswhile being whirled to break up the same, creating streams of saidportions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, violently engagingsaid streams with each other, and at the same time imparting additionalrotative impelling movement thereto to create a mistlike spray, anddischarging said spray under the influence of the centrifugal forceresulting from the said additional rotative impelling movement Whilemoving said' axis relative to said surface substantially parallel tosaid surface.

7. The method of applying a thick viscous liquid to an absorbentsurface, comprising dividing said liquid into a plurality of portions,separately introducing each of said portions into a confined space,rotatively impelling separately from one another each of said portionsat a rapid rate to create a whirl thereof in said space about an axissubstantially parallel to said surface, violently impinging saidmaterial against walls defining said space under the influence of thecentrifugal force of said whirl and forcing said liquid through narrowspaces while being whirled to break up the same, creating streams ofsaid portions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, violentlyengaging said streams with each other, and at the same time impartingadditional rotative impelling movement thereto to create a mist-likespray, and discharging said spray under the iniiuence of the centrifugalforce resulting from the said additional rotative `impelling movementwhile moving said axis relative to said surface substantially parallelto said surface.

8. The method of oiling a road comprising introducing a thick oil into aconned space, rotatively impelling said oil in said space about an axissubstantially parallel to the surface of said road in the presence ofair and at substantially atmospheric pressure and violently engagingsaid oil with walls of said space While under the influence of thecentrifugal force of said rotation to create a centrifugal Whirl of saidoil in a mistlike state, and imparting additional rotative irnpellingmovement to said oil in said mist-like state to create a spray,discharging said spray under the influence of the centrifugal forceresulting from the said additional rotative impelling movement onto anabsorbent road surface while moving said axis substantially parallel tosaid surface.

9. 'Ihe method of blending a plurality of differentmobile materialscomprising separately rotatively impelling a plurality of portions of lamixture of said materials in a confined space at a rapid rate to createwhirls thereof in said space,

. creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries of' saidwhirls, violently engaging said streams with each other and at the sametime imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto to finelydivide and uniformly blend said materials in finely divided form.

10. The method of blending a plurality of different mobile materialsincluding a finely divided absorbent material and a liquid comprisingseparately rotatively impelling a plurality of portions of a mixture ofsaid materials at a rapid rate to'create whirls thereof in said space,creating streams of said portions adjacent the periphcries of saidwhirls, and violently engaging said streams with each other and at thesame time imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto tofinely divide and uniformly blend said materials in nely divided form.

11. The method of blending a plurality of different liquids comprisingdividing a mixture of said liquids into a plurality of portions,separately introducing each of said portions into a confined space,rotatively impelling separately from one another each of said portionsat a rapid rate to create streams of said portions adjacent theperipheries of said whirls, violently engaging said streams with eachother and at the same time imparting additional rotative impellingmovement thereto to create a mist-like vapor thereof and uniformly blendsaid liquids in a mist-like condition. i

12. The method of blending a plurality of liquids of different mobilityincluding a thick, viscous liquid, comprising dividing a mixture of saidliquids into a pluralty of portions, separately introducing each of saidportions into a, confined space, rotatively impelling separately fromone another each of said portions at a rapid rate to create a whirlthereof in said space, forcing said liquid through narrow spaces whilebeing whirled to break up said viscous liquid, creating streams of saidportions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, violently engagingsaid streams with each other and at the same time imparting additionalrotative impelling movement thereto to create a mist-like vapor thereofand uniformly blend said liquids in a mist-like condition.

13. The method of spraying a blend of a plurality of different mobilematerials comprising dividing a mixture of said materials into aplurality of portions and introducing each of said portions into aconfined space, rotatively impelling separately from one another each ofsaid portions at a rapid rate to create a Whirl thereof in said space,creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries of saidwhirls, violently engaging said streams with each other, and at the sametime imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto to finelydivide and uniformly blend said materials and create a mistlike spray,and discharging said spray under the influence of the centrifugal forceresulting from the said additional rotative impelling movement.

14. The method of applying a blend of different mobile materials to asurface, comprising dividing a mixture of sa'd materials into aplurality of portions and introducing each of said portions into aconfined space, rotatively impelling separately from one another each ofsaid portions at a rapid rate to create a whirlthereof in said spaceabout an axis substantially parallel to said surface, creating streamsof said portions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, violentlyengaging said streams with each other and at the same time impartingadditional rotative/ impelling rovement thereto to finely divide anduniformly blend said materials and create a mistlikespray, anddischarging said spray under the iniiuence of the centrifugal forceresulting from y the said additional rotative impelling movement ontosaid surface..

15. The method of blending a plurality of different mobile materialsincluding a thick viscous liquid, comprising heating said liquid,dividing a l mixture of sad materals into a plurality of portions andintroducing each of said portions into a confined space, rotativelyimpelling separately from one another each of said portions at a rapidrate to create a whirl thereof in said space, creating streams of saidportions adjacent the peripheries of said whirls, and violently engagingsaid streams with each other, and at the same time imparting additionalrotative impelling move- -ment thereto to finely divide and uniformlyblend 'in said space about an axis substantially parallel to saidsurface, creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries ofsaid whirls, violently engaging said streams with each other, and at thesame time imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto tocreate a mist-like spray, and discharging said spray under the influence'of the lcentrifugal force resulting from the said additional rotativeimpelling movement while vmoving said `axis relative to said surfacesubstantially parallel to said surface.

1'7. The method of oiling a road having an absorbent surface, comprisingheating the'oil, dlviding said oil into a plurality of portions andintroducing each of said portions into a confined space. rotativelyimpelling separately from one another each of said portions ata rapidrate to create a whirl thereof in said space about an axis substantiallyparallel to said surface, creating streams of said portions adjacent theperipheries of said whirls, violently engaging said streams with eachother. and at the same time imparting additional rotative impellingmovement thereto to create a mist-like spray, and discharging said sprayunder the influence ofthe centrifugal force resulting from the saidadditional rotative impelling movement while moving said axis relativeto said surface substantiallyparallel to said surface.

18. In a method of the character described, separately rotativelyimpelling a plurality of portions of a mobile material in a confinedspace at a rapid rate to create separate whirls thereof in said space,creating streams of said portions adjacent the peripheries of saidwhirls, violently engaging said streams with each other, and at the sametime'imparting additional rotative impelling movement thereto to createa mist-like spray, and discharging said spray under the irifiuence ofthe centrifugal force resulting from the said additional rotativeimpelling movement.

HERMANN H. SCHlvHDT.

